Continuous Glucose Monitors: Why You Need One

Updated: Apr 29

Dexcom G7 syncs with smart phones and watches

Continuous Glucose Monitors: A Game Changer for Type 2 Diabetes Management

For many years, people with diabetes relied on finger-stick blood glucose testing to manage their condition. While this method is still used, a newer technology called continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is becoming increasingly popular, and for good reason. CGMs are small, wearable devices that track glucose levels throughout the day and night, providing a much more complete picture of glucose trends than occasional finger sticks. This technology offers significant benefits for adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), empowering them to take better control of their health.

What are CGMs and How Do They Work?

A CGM consists of a small sensor inserted just under the skin that measures glucose levels in the fluid between cells. The sensor sends data wirelessly to a receiver or smartphone, displaying real-time glucose readings and trends. Unlike finger-prick tests, which only provide a snapshot in time, CGMs show how glucose levels are changing, including whether they are rising, falling, or staying steady. They also offer alerts for when glucose levels go too high or too low. This continuous data stream allows individuals to see the impact of food, exercise, stress, and medications on their glucose levels.

Benefits of CGM for Type 2 Diabetes

The advantages of CGM for people with T2DM are numerous. A major benefit is improved glucose control. Studies have demonstrated that CGM use is associated with lower A1c levels (a measure of average blood sugar over 2-3 months) and increased time in the target glucose range. By seeing real-time glucose fluctuations, individuals can make informed decisions about diet, activity, and medication adjustments, leading to better overall glucose management. CGM use also reduces the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), a dangerous condition that can cause confusion, dizziness, and even loss of consciousness. The device's alerts can warn users of impending low glucose levels, allowing them to take preventive action. Furthermore, CGM data can be shared with healthcare providers, allowing for more personalized and effective treatment plans.

CGMs and Improved Outcomes

Research consistently shows that CGM improves several important outcomes for adults with T2DM. A systematic review and meta-analysis of multiple studies found that CGM use, compared to traditional blood glucose monitoring, led to significant reductions in A1c levels. The use of CGM also increases the amount of time individuals spend in their target glucose range and reduces the time spent with high glucose levels. In addition, some studies suggest that CGM use is associated with fewer emergency room visits and hospitalizations for hypoglycemia.

Who Should Consider CGM?

While CGMs were initially used primarily by people with type 1 diabetes, current guidelines recommend them for many adults with T2DM. The American Diabetes Association recommends CGM for those on insulin therapy and even those using only non-insulin medications. CGMs are particularly beneficial for individuals who struggle with glucose control, experience frequent hypoglycemia, or want to gain a better understanding of how lifestyle factors affect their glucose levels. The availability of over-the-counter CGMs, namely Dexcom's Stelo and Abbott's Lingo, has further expanded access to this technology.

Conclusion

Continuous glucose monitoring is a valuable tool for adults with type 2 diabetes. By providing continuous, real-time glucose data, CGMs empower individuals to make informed decisions about their diabetes management, leading to improved glucose control, reduced hypoglycemia risk, and better overall health outcomes.

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